Selected Publications

Treatment Heterogeneity of Water, Sanitation, Hygiene, and Nutrition Interventions on Child Growth by Environmental Enteric Dysfunction and Pathogen Status for Young Children in Bangladesh

Zach Butzin-Dozier, Ph.D.
Yunwen Ji
Jeremy Coyle Ph.D.
Ivana Malenica
Jack Colford
Alan Hubbard, Ph.D.
Andrew Mertens, Ph.D.
2025

Background:
Water, sanitation, hygiene (WSH), nutrition (N), and combined (N+WSH) interventions are often implemented by global health organizations, but WSH interventions may insufficiently reduce pathogen exposure, and nutrition interventions may be modified by environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), a condition of increased intestinal permeability and inflammation. This study investigated the heterogeneity of these treatments’ effects based on individual pathogen and EED biomarker status with respect to child linear growth.

Methods:
We applied cross-validated targeted...